| |
| |
| |
| Número de la Revista: |
Vol. 25 - nº 03 - Septiembre 2016 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sección: |
Original |
| Título: |
Silicosis declaradas en Mutua ASEPEYO
(2011-2014) |
| Autores: |
Dra. Begoña López Aylagas, Dra. Eulàlia Boren Altès, Dra. Dulce Puget Bosch,
Lda. Lídia Colomina Capderròs |
| Centro: |
|
| Palabras Clave: |
silicosis, enfermedades profesionales, incapacidad
laboral, prevención laboral
|
| Keywords: |
silicosis, occupational diseases, occupational disability,
occupational prevention |
| Cita Artículo: |
B López Aylagas et al. Silicosis declaradas en
Mutua ASEPEYO (2011-2014). Rev Asoc Esp Espec Med Trab 2016; 25:154-165. |
| Acceso al PDF: |
[Formato PDF] |
| Correspondencia: |
mailto:begolopez1987@gmail.com
|
| |
|
| |
La silicosis se considera una enfermedad crónica, incurable y sin tratamiento efectivo que pueda revertir las lesiones, en muchas ocasiones, deriva en una incapacidad laboral.
Cogiendo la base de datos de la Mutua Asepeyo a nivel español entre los años 2011 y 2014 hemos realizado un estudio analítico donde encontramos una estrecha relación entre el tipo de trabajo, las condiciones laborales y la gravedad de la enfermedad. Aparece un incremento de la enfermedad en trabajadores de Silestone®, una edad media de diagnóstico entorno a los 47 años, la mayoría de las cuales era silicosis simple y en el 50% de los casos encontramos sintomatología asociada. Las pruebas funcionales como la espirometría y el TCAR (Tomografía Axial de Alta Resolución) fueron imprescindibles para una correcta valoración.
Como novedad del estudio, y sin tener datos previos a nivel nacional, al 70% de los trabajadores diagnosticados de silicosis en Mutua Asepeyo, el Instituto Nacional de Seguridad Social les otorgó una incapacidad laboral.
Los valores límite de la exposición no eliminan completamente el riesgo de enfermedad, por lo tanto, para hacer frente a la silicosis se ha de actuar desde los tres niveles de la prevención.
|
| |
Title: |
|
| |
DECLARED SILICOSIS IN THE MUTUAL OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS
ASEPEYO (2011-2014)
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
Abstract: |
|
| |
Introduction:Silicosis is a chronic and incurable disease without effective medical treatment. It is considered a work-related illness so it must be declared by the mutual of occupational accidents and it sometimes originates a permanent sick leave. The main focus of our study was to determine the number of declared silicosis in Asepeyo between 2011 and 2014.
Material and Methods: 141 workers were included in CEPROSS’s system (Communication of occupational diseases in the Security Social) in order to carry out a statistical research of their variables. It was considered silicosis cases through clinical and qualitative variables. Comparison or the results with scientific literature.
Results: Galicia, Catalonia and Castile-Leon were the Regional Communities with the highest number of cases. The most affected occupations were those related to quartz and ornamental stone business (59.46%) and excavation works in mines, tunnels and quarries (30%). The average age of diagnosis was about 47.2 years in workers with an average exposure of 21 years. 75.9% suffered a sick leave (average duration of 110 days) and in 69% of diagnoses, the Institute Nacional de la Seguridad Social granted them with a permanent disability. The rate of simple silicosis prevalence among workers was 53%, followed by chronicle simple silicosis (26%) and chronicle complicated silicosis (19%). There are no global changes in pulmonary blood flow at spirometric level except for a declination in lung diffusion for chronic silicosis. It is observed that 46% of the workers were smokers. HRCT was performed in 84% of the clinical cases.
Conclusions: Relationship between being a smoker and suffering complicated silicosis has been demonstrated. There is also a close link between the increase in the average age of diagnosis and complicated silicosis cases. The spirometric disorders have a close connection with the magnitude of exposure. And finally there is an extensive use of HRCT for diagnosis.
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
